MapReduce Implementation of Prestack Kirchhoff Time Migration (PKTM) on Seismic Data

The oil and gas industries have been great consumers of parallel and distributed computing systems, by frequently running technical applications with intensive processing of terabytes of data. By the emergence of cloud computing which gives the opportunity to hire high-throughput computing resources with lower operational costs, such industries have started to adopt their technical applications to be executed on such high-performance commodity systems. In this paper, we first give an overview of forward/inverse Prestack Kirchhoff Time Migration (PKTM) algorithm, as one of the well-known seismic imaging algorithms. Then we will explain our proposed approach to fit this algorithm for running on Google's MapReduce framework. Toward the end, we will analyse the relation between MapReduce-based PKTM completion time and the number of mappers/reducers on pseudo-distributed MapReduce mode

Characterization of Remitting and Relapsing Hyperglycemia in Post-Renal-Transplant Recipients.

Hyperglycemia following solid organ transplant is common among patients without pre-existing diabetes mellitus (DM). Post-transplant hyperglycemia can occur once or multiple times, which if continued, causes new-onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT).To study if the first and recurrent incidence of hyperglycemia are affected differently by immunosuppressive regimens, demographic and medical-related risk factors, and inpatient hyperglycemic conditions (i.e., an emphasis on the time course of post-transplant complications).We conducted a retrospective analysis of 407 patients who underwent kidney transplantation at Mayo Clinic Arizona. Among these, there were 292 patients with no signs of DM prior to transplant. For this category of patients, we evaluated the impact of (1) immunosuppressive drugs (e.g., tacrolimus, sirolimus, and steroid), (2) demographic and medical-related risk factors, and (3) inpatient hyperglycemic conditions on the first and recurrent incidence of hyperglycemia in one year post-transplant. We employed two versions of Cox regression analyses: (1) a time-dependent model to analyze the recurrent cases of hyperglycemia and (2) a time-independent model to analyze the first incidence of hyperglycemia.Age (P = 0.018), HDL cholesterol (P = 0.010), and the average trough level of tacrolimus (P<0.0001) are significant risk factors associated with the first incidence of hyperglycemia, while age (P<0.0001), non-White race (P = 0.002), BMI (P = 0.002), HDL cholesterol (P = 0.003), uric acid (P = 0.012), and using steroid (P = 0.007) are the significant risk factors for the recurrent cases of hyperglycemia.This study draws attention to the importance of analyzing the risk factors associated with a disease (specially a chronic one) with respect to both its first and recurrent incidence, as well as carefully differentiating these two perspectives: a fact that is currently overlooked in the literature

Human gut microbiota and its possible relationship with obesity and diabetes

Background: Obesity and diabetes are public health problems that are leading causes of death in the world. Recent surveys suggest that there is a relationship between diabetes and bacterial residents of the gastrointestinal tract. Objective: This case-control study was designed to evaluate the composition of the gut microbiota in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and obesity compared to the healthy people. Methods: A total of 91 adult subjects (25 patients diagnosed with T2DM, 48 obese patients, and 18 healthy individuals) were included in the study. The gut microbiota composition was investigated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method using bacterial 16S rRNA gene. Results: The frequency of all bacterial species in the obese group compared to the control group have significantly changed (p 0.05) in the diabetic patients versus the control ones, except for Bacteroides phylum and Lactobacillus spp. Moreover, the mean body mass index (BMI) in control, T2DM, and obese groups were 24.28 ± 3.00, 26.83 ± 3.29, and 44.65 ± 3.73, respectively. Our analysis showed a positive correlation between diabetic patients plus obese ones and the number of bacteria (p < 0.05). Conclusions: To sum up, these findings show that specific changes in microbial community composition are associated with T2DM and obesity. More extensive, our survey suggests that modulation of the microbiome warrants further investigation as a potential therapeutic strategy for metabolic diseases. © 2020, Research Society for Study of Diabetes in India

Classification of literature based on diabetogenic effect of immunosuppressive drugs.

<p>Classification of literature based on diabetogenic effect of immunosuppressive drugs.</p

Demographic and baseline characteristics of patients at the time of transplant.

<p>^a mean ± standard deviation,</p><p>^b versus non-white (including Native American, Hispanic, and Black races),</p><p>^c versus cadaveric.</p><p>Demographic and baseline characteristics of patients at the time of transplant.</p

Number of patients who used immunosuppressive drugs at months 1, 4, and 12.

<p>Such patients are further classified as having hyperglycemia (HG) or not at that specific time points.</p